在javafx中有3个基本文件;控制器类,fxml文件和应用程序类.现在我想在控制器中做出一个按钮点击(其工作得很好)并更改该点击屏幕(通常使用stage.setScreen()),但我没有参考舞台(你可以在应用程序类中找到).

应用程序示例：

public class JavaFXApplication4 extends Application {

@Override
public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
    Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("Sample.fxml"));

    Scene scene = new Scene(root);

    stage.setScene(scene);
    stage.show();
}

/**
 * The main() method is ignored in correctly deployed JavaFX application.
 * main() serves only as fallback in case the application can not be
 * launched through deployment artifacts,e.g.,in IDEs with limited FX
 * support. NetBeans ignores main().
 *
 * @param args the command line arguments
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    launch(args);
}
}

FXML-样品：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import java.util.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<AnchorPane id="AnchorPane" prefheight="200.0" prefWidth="320.0"  xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml" fx:controller="javafxapplication4.SampleController">
  <children>
  <Button id="button" fx:id="nextScreen" layoutX="126.0" layoutY="90.0" onAction="#handleButtonAction" text="Next Screen" />
  <Label fx:id="label" layoutX="126.0" layoutY="120.0" minHeight="16.0" minWidth="69.0" />
  </children>
</AnchorPane>

控制器 – 示例：

public class SampleController implements Initializable {

@FXML
private Label label;

@FXML
private void handleButtonAction(ActionEvent event) {
    System.out.println("You clicked me!");
    label.setText("Hello World!");
    //Here I want to swap the screen!
}

@Override
public void initialize(URL url,ResourceBundle rb) {
    // Todo
}    
}

我会感谢任何一种帮助.

@FXML
private void handleButtonAction(ActionEvent event) {
    System.out.println("You clicked me!");
    label.setText("Hello World!");
    //Here I want to swap the screen!

    Stage stageTheEventSourceNodeBelongs = (Stage) ((Node)event.getSource()).getScene().getwindow();
    // OR
    Stage stageTheLabelBelongs = (Stage) label.getScene().getwindow();
    // these two of them return the same stage
    // Swap screen
    stage.setScene(new Scene(new Pane()));
}

我有几个按钮应该做同样的事情,比如5个带有ids button1的按钮 – 按钮5,当按下时,应该打印相应的数字1-5.我不希望有5个与此变量相同的onAction方法.

任何帮助,赞赏,

试试这个：

myButton1.setonAction(new MyButtonHandler());
myButton2.setonAction(new MyButtonHandler());

private class MyButtonHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent>{
    @Override
    public void handle(ActionEvent evt) {
        if (evt.getSource().equals(myButton1)) {
          //do something
        } else if (evt.getSource().equals(myButton2)) {
          //do something
        }
    }
}

要么：

myButton1.addEventHandler(ActionEvent.ACTION,new MyButtonHandler());
myButton2.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.CLICKED,new MyButtonHandler());

private class MyButtonHandler implements EventHandler<Event>{
    @Override
    public void handle(Event evt) {
        if (evt.getSource().equals(myButton1)) {
          //do something
        } else if (evt.getSource().equals(myButton2)) {
          //do something
        }
    }
}

>简单的Java文件,与我们在Swing中使用的方法相同
>我不知道的JavaFX脚本
> FXML是基于xml的UI设计文件

哪个更好？为什么？

>如果您更熟悉java中的编码UI,则可以使用此方法.但是,我个人不喜欢这种方法,因为当你的应用程序过于复杂时,它会使代码变得复杂.
> JavaFX Script在JavaFX 2.0之前使用,不再使用
>在Javafx 2.0中引入了基于FXML的UI设计.这些帮助程序员使用MVC方法对javafx应用程序进行编码.可以找到一个非常好的FXML介绍here.

来自Oracle docs的一节,Why Use FXML

From a Model View Controller (MVC) perspective,the FXML file that contains the description of the user interface is the view. The controller is a Java class,optionally implementing the Initializable class,which is declared as the controller for the FXML file. The model consists of domain objects,defined on the Java side,that you connect to the view through the controller.

FXML可以使用Scene Builder轻松设计,Scene Builder是javafx应用程序的Drag n Drop UI设计器.使用FXML具有以下优点：

>您的应用程序遵循MVC结构,就像企业JavaEE应用程序一样.
>表示层(UI)与应用层(逻辑)隔离,这样可以在需要时轻松更改应用程序的外观,就像网站一样！
> FXML为您的应用程序带来了可扩展性和可维护性.

我对你的建议是使用FXML.如果您不了解它们,请了解它们.这将是值得的！