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Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值(flutter页面传值)

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针对Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值和flutter页面传值这两个问题,本篇文章进行了详细的解答,同时本文还将给你拓展AndroidSharedPreferenc

针对Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值flutter页面传值这两个问题,本篇文章进行了详细的解答,同时本文还将给你拓展Android SharedPreferences存储的正确写法、android – Flutter中的SharedPreferences错误、android – 如何强制PreferenceActivity处理我的SharedPreferences?、android – 将SharedPreferences文件保存到自定义目录或获取默认的SharedPreferences目录等相关知识,希望可以帮助到你。

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Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值(flutter页面传值)

Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值(flutter页面传值)

我将值存储在名为的页面中page1.dart。我想从page2.dart或访问存储的值page3.dart。我该如何实现?

答案1

小编典典

我在第一个屏幕中存储了一个字符串,然后通过以下代码从第二个屏幕中检索了存储的值

第1页:

import ''package:flutter/material.dart'';import ''package:shared_preferences/shared_preferences.dart'';import ''package:trial/class2.dart'';void main() => runApp(MyApp());class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {  @override  Widget build(BuildContext context) {    return MaterialApp(      home: MyHomePage(),    );  }}class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {  @override  _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {  String _email = '''';  @override  void initState() {    super.initState();    _loadCounter();  }  _loadCounter() async {    SharedPreferences prefs = await SharedPreferences.getInstance();    setState(() {      _email = (prefs.getString(''email'') ?? '''');    });  }  _incrementCounter() async {    SharedPreferences prefs = await SharedPreferences.getInstance();    setState(() {      _email = "a@gmail.com";    });    prefs.setString(''email'', _email);  }  @override  Widget build(BuildContext context) {    return Scaffold(      appBar: AppBar(        title: Text("title"),      ),      body: Center(        child: Column(          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,          children: <Widget>[            Text(              ''$_email'',            ),            new RaisedButton(              child: new Text("next2"),              onPressed: () {                Navigator.push(context,                    new MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => new Next()));              },            ),          ],        ),      ),      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(        onPressed: _incrementCounter,        child: Icon(Icons.add),      ),    );  }}

第2页:

import ''package:flutter/material.dart'';import ''package:shared_preferences/shared_preferences.dart'';String _email='''';class Next extends StatefulWidget {  @override  _NextState createState() => _NextState();}class _NextState extends State<Next> {    @override  void initState() {    super.initState();    _loadCounter();  }  _loadCounter() async {    SharedPreferences prefs = await SharedPreferences.getInstance();    setState(() {      _email = (prefs.getString(''email'')??'''');    });  }  @override  Widget build(BuildContext context) {    return Container(      child: new Text("read value from sharepreference is:"+_email),    );  }}

Android SharedPreferences存储的正确写法

Android SharedPreferences存储的正确写法

SharedPreferences 特点

即便是Android小白都知道的SharedPreferences的用法,这是保存数据最简便的方法,但是不处理好的话后期维护将是一个巨大的坑。那么该如何处理好SharedPreferences才方便维护呢。先从它的特点开始入手吧。

  1. 通过Context.getSharedPreferences()获取的SharedPreferences是一个单例
  2. SharedPreferences.edit()每次都会创建一个新的编辑对象,commit()之前一切改动都无效

SharedPreferences的具体实现并不在公开API内,创建方法只有通过Context获取。具体实现我们不去研究,通过Log打印每次获取的对象都是同一个,同样的方法可知道每次edit()都会得到不同的对象。

难以维护的 SharedPreferences

SharedPreference userPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences("UserInfo",Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
userPreferences.edit()
  .putString("id","myId")
  .putString("name","myName")
  .putString("head","myHead")
  .commit();
Log.e("id",userPreferences.getString("id",""));
Log.e("name",userPreferences.getString("name",""));
Log.e("head",userPreferences.getString("head",""));

如上一段SharedPreferences保存和读取的方法非常简便,正因此才不易维护,可能因为写错Key而找不出问题所在,当然一般我们都会把Key写成静态常量。但随着项目增大,可能需要多处修改用户信息,每次都要一个个put(),除了写着厌烦看着难受,当遇到需要增加或减少字段时也非常不便。

SharedPreferences 该这么写

如果能保留原有写法,又能规范方法那是最好不过了,看下SharedPreferences的接口方法并不多,很容易就写个包装类封装下。

import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * SharedPreferences 包装类
 * Created by wittytutu on 17-3-29.
 */

public class PreferencesWrapper implements SharedPreferences {

  protected SharedPreferences mPreferences;

  public PreferencesWrapper(SharedPreferences preferences) {
    mPreferences = preferences;
  }

  @Override
  public Map getAll() {
    return mPreferences.getAll();
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getString(String key,@Nullable String defValue) {
    return mPreferences.getString(key,defValue);
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Set getStringSet(String key,@Nullable Set defValues) {
    return mPreferences.getStringSet(key,defValues);
  }

  @Override
  public int getInt(String key,int defValue) {
    return mPreferences.getInt(key,defValue);
  }

  @Override
  public long getLong(String key,long defValue) {
    return mPreferences.getLong(key,defValue);
  }

  @Override
  public float getFloat(String key,float defValue) {
    return mPreferences.getFloat(key,defValue);
  }

  @Override
  public boolean getBoolean(String key,boolean defValue) {
    return mPreferences.getBoolean(key,defValue);
  }

  @Override
  public boolean contains(String key) {
    return mPreferences.contains(key);
  }

  @Override
  public EditorWrapper edit() {
    return new EditorWrapper(mPreferences.edit());
  }

  @Override
  public void registerOnSharedPreferencechangelistener(OnSharedPreferencechangelistener listener) {
    mPreferences.registerOnSharedPreferencechangelistener(listener);
  }

  @Override
  public void unregisterOnSharedPreferencechangelistener(OnSharedPreferencechangelistener listener) {
    mPreferences.unregisterOnSharedPreferencechangelistener(listener);
  }

  public static class EditorWrapper implements Editor {
    protected Editor mEditor;

    public EditorWrapper(Editor editor) {
      mEditor = editor;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putString(String key,@Nullable String value) {
      mEditor.putString(key,value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putStringSet(String key,@Nullable Set values) {
      mEditor.putStringSet(key,values);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putInt(String key,int value) {
      mEditor.putInt(key,value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putLong(String key,long value) {
      mEditor.putLong(key,value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putFloat(String key,float value) {
      mEditor.putFloat(key,value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper putBoolean(String key,boolean value) {
      mEditor.putBoolean(key,value);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper remove(String key) {
      mEditor.remove(key);
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public EditorWrapper clear() {
      mEditor.clear();
      return this;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean commit() {
      return mEditor.commit();
    }

    @Override
    public void apply() {
      mEditor.apply();
    }
  }
}

接下来的使用就简单了

public class UserInfoPreferences extends PreferencesWrapper {
  private static final String NAME = "UserInfo";

  public static final KEY_ID = "id"
  public static final KEY_NAME = "name";
  public static final KEY_HEAD = "head";
  public static final KEY_SEX = "sex";

  private static volatile UserInfoPreferences mPreferences;

  public static UserInfoPreferences getInstance(Context context){
    if(mPreferences == null) {
      synchronized (UserInfoPreferences.class){
        if(mPreferences == null) {
          SharedPreferences preferences = context.getApplicationCtontext().getShaedPreferences(NAME,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
          mPreferences = new UserInfoPreferences(preferences);
        }
      }
    }
    return mPreferences;
  }

  public UserInfoPreferences(SharedPreferences preferences) {
    super(preferences);
  }

  // 获取用户信息
  public UserInfo getUserInfo(){
    String id = mPreferences.getString(KEY_ID,"");
    String name = mPreferences.getString(KEY_NAME,"");
    String head = mPreferences.getString(KEY_HEAD,"");
    return new UserInfo(id,name,head);
  }

  @Override
  public Editor edit(){
    return new Editor(mPreferences.edit());
  }

  public static class Editor extends EditorWrapper {

    public Editor(SharedPreferences.Editor editor) {
      super(editor);
    }

    // 保存用户信息
    public Editor putUserInfo(String id,String name,String head) {

      mEditor.putString(KEY_ID,id)
          .putString(KEY_AME,name)
          .putString(KEY_HEAD,head);
      return this;
    }

    // 清空用户信息
    public Editor clearUserInfo() {

      mEditor.remove(KEY_ID)
          .remove(KEY_NAME)
          .remove(KEY_HEAD);
      return this;
    }
  }
}

调用即方便扩展,也保留了原有方法。

UserInfoPreferences preferences = UserInfoPreferences.getInstance(context);
preferences.edit()
  .clearUserInfo()
  .putUserInfo("myId","myName","myHead")
  .putInt(KEY_SEX,0)
  .commit();
UserInfo userInfo = preferences.getUserInfo();
int sex = preferences.getInt(KEY_SEX,0);

感谢阅读,希望能帮助到大家,谢谢大家对本站的支持!

android – Flutter中的SharedPreferences错误

android – Flutter中的SharedPreferences错误

我在Flutter应用程序中使用了shared_preferences插件.从一个时刻开始(可能是在Flutter升级之后),它开始抛出异常:

E/Flutter (27778): [ERROR:topaz/lib/tonic/logging/dart_error.cc(16)] Unhandled exception:
E/Flutter (27778): type '_InternalLinkedHashMap' is not a subtype of type 'Map<String, Object>' where
E/Flutter (27778):   _InternalLinkedHashMap is from dart:collection
E/Flutter (27778):   Map is from dart:core
E/Flutter (27778):   String is from dart:core
E/Flutter (27778):   Object is from dart:core
E/Flutter (27778): 
E/Flutter (27778): #0      SharedPreferences.getInstance (package:shared_preferences/shared_preferences.dart)
E/Flutter (27778): <asynchronous suspension>
E/Flutter (27778): #1      loadFirstUse (**path**/lib/main.dart:29:53)
E/Flutter (27778): <asynchronous suspension>
E/Flutter (27778): #2      main (**path**/lib/main.dart:17:9)
E/Flutter (27778): <asynchronous suspension>
E/Flutter (27778): #3      _startIsolate.<anonymous closure> (dart:isolate/runtime/libisolate_patch.dart:279:19)
E/Flutter (27778): #4      _RawReceivePortImpl._handleMessage (dart:isolate/runtime/libisolate_patch.dart:165:12)

当我简单地尝试创建SharedPreferences的实例时,就会发生这种情况:

SharedPreferences prefs = await SharedPreferences.getInstance();

我试图找到问题的根源,但无法找到它.感谢您的任何帮助.

编辑:我正在使用shared_preferences:“^ 0.4.0”

解决方法:

我尝试过shared_preferences:“0.2.4”和上面提出的其他版本没有任何成功.最后,在将sputter频道从dev变为beta之后,它就开始工作了:

Flutter channel beta

至少这个现在解决了这个问题,只是等待修改dev通道上的shared_preferences插件.

android – 如何强制PreferenceActivity处理我的SharedPreferences?

android – 如何强制PreferenceActivity处理我的SharedPreferences?

我正在使用SharedPreferences在我的应用程序中的所有活动中存储我的数据.我可以像这样访问它:
SharedPreferences mSharedPreferences = getSharedPreferences("MyPrefs",0);

我已经实现了PreferenceActivity,因此用户可以通过它更改值,但它发生的是读取/写入数据不是“MyPrefs”,而是:

PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getApplicationContext());

这对我来说有点意外.是否可以强制PreferenceActivity处理我的“MyPrefs”偏好?在单个应用程序中有多个首选项有什么意义?谢谢.

解决方法

I get access to it like this

这没关系,只要你不打算使用PreferenceActivity.

I’ve implemented PreferenceActivity so users can change values through it

哎呀.

另外,除非你有特定的理由使用Application而不是activity / service / whatever,否则在那里摆脱getApplicationContext().只有在必要时才使用Application对象,并且您知道为什么必须这样做.

Is that possible to force PreferenceActivity to deal with my “MyPrefs” preferences?

不容易.除非你有一些特定的理由发明你自己的SharedPreferences文件,否则我会使用默认的.

And what is the point to have several preferences within single application?

您可能有一个可重用的库或组件想要在SharedPreferences中存储内容,并且可能有自己的文件,以免弄乱托管应用程序中的任何首选项.话虽如此,通常不需要多个首选项文件.

android – 将SharedPreferences文件保存到自定义目录或获取默认的SharedPreferences目录

android – 将SharedPreferences文件保存到自定义目录或获取默认的SharedPreferences目录

是否可以将SharedPreferences文件保存到自定义目录中?让我们说到/data/data/package.name/my_prefs/.

或者是否可以检索目录SharedPreferences默认保存到?

附:硬编码路径/data/data/package.name/shared_prefs/不是解决方案.

解决方法

Or is it possible to retrieve the directory SharedPreferences are
saved by default to?

是.

这基本上是您可以从ApplicationInfo对象获取的dataDir / shared_prefs(反过来您可以从PackageManager获取). (另外,它可能与“getFilesDir”目录相同,你可以从Context本身轻松获得?不确定,没有检查.)

从源代码开始,以Context.getSharedPreferences(ContextImpl source)开头:

public SharedPreferences getSharedPreferences(String name,int mode) {
        SharedPreferencesImpl sp;
        File prefsFile;
        boolean needInitialLoad = false;
        synchronized (sSharedPrefs) {
            sp = sSharedPrefs.get(name);
            if (sp != null && !sp.hasFileChangedUnexpectedly()) {
                return sp;
            }
            prefsFile = getSharedPrefsFile(name);
...

public File getSharedPrefsFile(String name) {
        return makeFilename(getPreferencesDir(),name + ".xml");
    }

private File getPreferencesDir() {
        synchronized (mSync) {
            if (mPreferencesDir == null) {
                mPreferencesDir = new File(getDataDirFile(),"shared_prefs");
            }
            return mPreferencesDir;
        }
    }

private File getDataDirFile() {
        if (mPackageInfo != null) {
            return mPackageInfo.getDataDirFile();
        }
        throw new RuntimeException("Not supported in system context");
    }

而“mPackageInfo”是LoadedApk的一个实例:

public File getDataDirFile() {
        return mDataDirFile;
    }

mDataDirFile = mDataDir != null ? new File(mDataDir) : null;

 mDataDir = aInfo.dataDir;

这将我们带回到ApplicationInfo.

我想说如果你不想依赖于convention / data / data /< package_name> / shared_prefs,那么获取“dataDir”并从那里依赖“shared_prefs”应该是安全的吗?

关于Flutter:从其他页面访问存储的Sharedpreference值flutter页面传值的介绍已经告一段落,感谢您的耐心阅读,如果想了解更多关于Android SharedPreferences存储的正确写法、android – Flutter中的SharedPreferences错误、android – 如何强制PreferenceActivity处理我的SharedPreferences?、android – 将SharedPreferences文件保存到自定义目录或获取默认的SharedPreferences目录的相关信息,请在本站寻找。

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