• 计算Shapely几何对象的成对距离
• css – 如何在旋转和缩放后计算SVG对象的坐标？
• numpy meshgrid到Shapely多边形
• OpenSCAD通过循环快速复制几何对象
• OpenSCAD：几何对象与修剪扩展库

计算Shapely几何对象的成对距离

sklearn度量标准期望参数x具有可转换为float的有效dtype。如果您看到源代码，它将在计算它们之间的距离之前将数组转换为float。

由于X由多边形对象组成，因此在将数组转换为float时会出错。

但是，您可以构建自己的pair_wise函数，该函数以polygon array和distance function作为输入，并以distance matrix作为输出。

代码：

import geopandas as gpd
from random import uniform
from shapely.geometry import Point
import numpy as np

# Define polygon to polygon distance callable
def poly_distance(poly1,poly2):
    return poly1.distance(poly2)

# Make some points and buffer them into polygons
geoms = [Point(uniform(0,100),uniform(0,100)) for i in range(100)]
gdf = gpd.GeoDataFrame(geoms,columns=["geometry"],geometry="geometry")
gdf[gdf.geometry.name] = gdf.buffer(1)
X = gdf[gdf.geometry.name].to_numpy()

def pair_wise(x,function):
  distance_matrix = []
  for element in x:
    distance_matrix.append([function(element,item) for item in x])
  return np.array(distance_matrix)

pair_wise(X,poly_distance)

css – 如何在旋转和缩放后计算SVG对象的坐标？

You can select the object using d3 or jquery
        if you are using d3 the select in this way 
                    var rect = d3.select(selecteObject);
        if jquery then 
                   var rect = $(selecteObject);
                   var newx = rect.node().getBBox().x;
                   var newy = rect.node().getBBox().y;
                   var neww = rect.node().getBBox().width;
                   var newh = rect.node().getBBox().height;
                   var endCodinatex = newx + neww;
                   var endCodinatY = newy + newh;

numpy meshgrid到Shapely多边形

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot

fig = pyplot.figure(figsize=(10,10))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111,aspect='equal')

x,y = np.mgrid[-5:-1:8j,1:5:8j]
ax.plot(x,y,'o',color='#000000')
pyplot.show()

OpenSCAD通过循环快速复制几何对象

    OpenSCAD支持变量和循环，从而可以快速复制出大量的几何对象并且按照递归的方式进行布局。

    循环的变量可以是枚举、区间和矢量对象，循环体支持几何对象构建、坐标平移与旋转、交并差等操作。

循环的递归变量类型

    Vector（矢量）:

for (variable=<vector>) ｛
    <do_something> - <variable> is assigned to each successive value in the vector
｝

    Range（区间、范围）:

for (variable=<range>) ｛
    <do_something>
｝

    Nested（嵌套） :

for ( variable1 = <range or vector>, variable2 = <range or vector> ) ｛
    <do something, using both variables>
｝

    for 循环可以进行嵌套，就像普通程序一样。

使用枚举型矢量的循环

for (z = [-1, 1]) // 两个变量, z = -1, z = 1
{
    translate([0, 0, z])
    cube(size = 1, center = false);
}

for ( i = [0 : 5] )
{
    rotate( i * 360 / 6, [1, 0, 0])
    translate([0, 10, 0])
    sphere(r = 1);
}

// Note: The middle parameter in the range designation 
// (''0.2'' in this case) is the ''increment-by'' value
// Warning: Depending on the ''increment-by'' value, the
// real end value may be smaller than the given one.
//类似于c语言的for(i=0;i<5;i+=0.2)...
for ( i = [0 : 0.2 : 5] )
{
    rotate( i * 360 / 6, [1, 0, 0])
    translate([0, 10, 0])
    sphere(r = 1);
}

for(i = [ [  0,  0,   0],
          [ 10, 20, 300],
          [200, 40,  57],
          [ 20, 88,  57] ])
{
    rotate(i)
    cube([100, 20, 20], center = true);
}

 for(i = [ [ 0,  0,  0],
           [10, 12, 10],
           [20, 24, 20],
           [30, 36, 30],
           [20, 48, 40],
           [10, 60, 50] ])
{
    translate(i)
    cube([50, 15, 10], center = true);
}

嵌套循环的例程

for (xpos=[0:3], ypos = [2,4,6]) // do twelve iterations, using each xpos with each ypos
   translate([xpos*ypos, ypos, 0])
   cube([0.5, 0.5, 0.5]);

循环的切割

所有的循环（包括枚举值、范围、矢量、矢量数组）都支持几何实体的 intersection 操作。

注意: intersection_for() is a work around because of an issue that you cannot get the expected results using a combination of the standard for() and intersection() statements. The reason is that for() do a implicit union() of the contents.

参数

• <loop variable name> 

• Name of the variable to use within the for loop.

intersection_for(n = [1 : 6])
{
    rotate([0, 0, n * 60])
    {
        translate([5,0,0])
        sphere(r=12);
    }
}

intersection_for(i = [ [  0,  0,   0],
 			[ 10, 20, 300],
 			[200, 40,  57],
 			[ 20, 88,  57] ])
{
    rotate(i)
    cube([100, 20, 20], center = true);
}

OpenSCAD：几何对象与修剪扩展库

General

BOSL

The Belfry OpenScad Library - A library of tools, shapes, and helpers to make OpenScad easier to use.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: BSD-2-Clause

BOSL2 (beta)

Belfry OpenScad Library v2 - A library of tools, shapes, and helpers to make OpenScad easier to use.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » Tutorials
• » License: BSD-2-Clause

dotSCAD

Reduce the burden of 3D modeling in mathematics.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: LGPL-3.0-only

NopSCADlib

An ever expanding library of parts modelled in OpenSCAD useful for 3D printers and enclosures for electronics, etc.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: GPL-3.0-or-later

UB.scad

This library is a full 3D printing workflow solution for OpenSCAD, bringing tools for modifying and generating 3D objects, view helpers and a selection of mechanical parts.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

Functional OpenSCAD

Implementing OpenSCAD in OpenSCAD.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: MIT

BOLTS

BOLTS is an Open Library of Technical Specifications.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: LGPL-2.1-or-later | GPL-3.0-only

Single Topic

Round Anything

Round-Anything is primarily a set of OpenSCAD utilities that help with rounding parts, but it also embodies a robust approach to developing OpenSCAD parts.

• » Library
• » Overview - A pragmatic approach to OpenSCAD design
• » Documentation - API reference and examples
• » License: MIT

Mark''s Enclosure Helper

A script for generating a two piece hinged box, with rounded corners, lid, interlocking rims, snap fit, magnet, or screw closures, and easy places for adding cutouts or additions to any face..

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: GPL-3.0-only

funcutils

This library is a collection of OpenSCAD functions for use with the function-literals feature. It is meant to provide algorithms and tools to help build efficient scripts using functional programming techniques in OpenSCAD.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

OpenSCAD threads.scad Module

This is an efficient OpenSCAD threading library intended primarily to be used as a component in other designs. It supports metric compatible internal and external threads, auger threads, thread tapering, clearance holes, countersunk holes, recessed holes, hex bolts, nuts, washers, Phillips tips, and long rods which are extended with threaded joints. Whenever possible this complies with metric standards for the defaults of parameters, while providing overrides for many values.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

OpenSCAD Smooth Primitives Library

This library is a collection of some smooth primitives, i.e. having specified rounded edges, for use in other designs. It''s not a comprehensive collection, but a useful set.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

OpenSCAD Function Plotting Library

This is a general purpose function plotting library for OpenSCAD which will render functions with Cartesian coordinates (x & y input, z output), polar/cylindrical coordinates (r & angle input, z output), or axial coordinates (z & angle input, r output). This library is sufficiently flexible that it can be used for more than just plotting functions. As demonstrated in the included demo files, this can efficiently render ordinary objects with surfaces defined by mathematical functions.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

OpenSCAD ClosePoints Library

This is a general purpose OpenSCAD library for easily creating diverse shapes by simply creating lists of points which trace out layers in an outline of the desired shape. The library consists of modules for creating polyhedrons from these lists of points, as well as functions to assist in specifying the points using transformations.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: CC0-1.0

Tray Library

Allows the design of trays with optional subdivisions. Many different configuration options available. Designed to quickly create trays with different configurations, for efficient storing of parts, such as hardware, small tools, board game inserts, etc..

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: LGPL-3.0-or-later

Yet Another Parametric Projectbox generator

A generator for electronic project boxes, based on a definition of a PCB and lots of options for defining PCB standoffs and case cutouts.

• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: MIT

STEMFIE Parts Library

OpenSCAD library to create parts for the STEMFIE project.

STEMFIE is a free educational construction-set toy you can download and make at home using a 3D printer. Each component is a part of a mechanical ecosystem of compatible shapes designed to interlock through various connections and fasteners.

• » STEMFIE project
• » Library
• » Documentation
• » License: GPL-3.0-or-later

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