在本文中，我们将带你了解centos根分区扩容在这篇文章中，我们将为您详细介绍centos根分区扩容的方方面面，并解答centos扩展根分区常见的疑惑，同时我们还将给您一些技巧，以帮助您实现更有效的C
在本文中，我们将带你了解centos根分区扩容在这篇文章中，我们将为您详细介绍centos根分区扩容的方方面面，并解答centos扩展根分区常见的疑惑，同时我们还将给您一些技巧，以帮助您实现更有效的CentOS 5 LVM 在线扩容根分区、CentOS 5.X LVM 在线扩容根分区、CentOS 7 根目录分区扩容、CentOS 7 系统根目录分区扩容。
本文目录一览：- centos根分区扩容（centos扩展根分区）
- CentOS 5 LVM 在线扩容根分区
- CentOS 5.X LVM 在线扩容根分区
- CentOS 7 根目录分区扩容
- CentOS 7 系统根目录分区扩容
centos根分区扩容（centos扩展根分区）
操作环境：
[root@linuxidc ~]# uname -a
Linux linuxidc 2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64#1 SMP Wed Aug 28 17:19:38 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
现状分析：
系统有两个硬盘，第一个硬盘107G,“/”分区空间当时分区时只给了7.7G过小，空间马上占完。现在系统有第二个硬盘sdb大小为16GB，希望把sdb的所有空间加入到“/”分区中，是其空间容量从7.7GB变成7.7GB+16GB（约2.4GB）。（当然如果这里只有一个硬盘sda,有很多空间尚未使用可以进行同样的操作）
操作步骤如下：
第一步、查看本机现有分区情况
[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h
文件系统容量已用可用已用%% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
7.7G 7.1G 155M 98% /
tmpfs 3.9G 296K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 64M 396M 14% /boot
/dev/sda3 83G 350M 79G 1% /media
第二步、查看本机的磁盘情况
[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l
disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB,107374182400 bytes
255 heads,63 sectors/track,13054cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x000dc0ad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 2090 13054 88076362+ 83 Linux
disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes
255 heads,1012 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8325 MB,1012 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
注意：此时还没有在EXSI5.0中添加第二块硬盘
[root@linuxidc ~]#
第三步、添加第二块硬盘
查看此时系统磁盘情况
root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l
disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB,13054cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x000dc0ad
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinderboundary.
/dev/sda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 2090 13054 88076362+ 83 Linux
disk /dev/sdb: 17.2 GB,17179869184 bytes
255 heads,2088 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,1012 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes
disk identifier: 0x00000000
可以看到我们新添加的硬盘sdb
[root@linuxidc ~]#
第四步、对第二块硬盘sdb进行分区
[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOSpartition table,nor Sun,sgi or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with diskidentifier 0xfa4abbdc.
Changes will remain in memory only,untilyou decide to write them.
After that,of course,the prevIoUs contentwon't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partitiontable 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated.It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibilityflag
d delete a partition
l list kNown partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOSpartition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sundisklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (expertsonly)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 4
First cylinder (1-2088,default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder,+cylinders or +size{K,M,G}(1-2088,default 2088):
Using default value 2088
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
说明：上面操作对sdb硬盘进行了分区操作，设为sdb4分区了（当然上面建立的主分区可以为1-4中的任意一个，我这里选择的4）。
第五步、对新建立的sdb4分区进行格式
[root@linuxidc ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks,Stripe width=0 blocks
1048576 inodes,4192957 blocks
209647 blocks (5.00%) reserved for thesuper user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
128 block groups
32768 blocks per group,32768 fragments pergroup
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632,2654208,
4096000
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done完成
This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 20 mounts or
180 days,whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
说明：将sdb4分区格式化为ext4格式，因为CentOS安装是系统的格式ext4，所以这里要注意一下。
第六步、格式后的sdb4分区添加为物理卷
[root@linuxidc ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb4
Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created
第七步、查看当前系统的物理卷（PV）情况
[root@linuxidc ~]# pvdisplay
---Physical volume ---
PVName /dev/sda2
VGName VolGroup
PVSize 15.51 GiB / not usable3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (butfull)
PESize 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3970
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 3970
PVUUID Up77sG-sNKf-Ja0k-crBf-N0wz-a5hy-T6sVFh
"/dev/sdb4" is a new physical volume of "15.99 GiB"
---NEW Physical volume ---
PVName /dev/sdb4
VGName
PVSize 15.99 GiB
Allocatable NO
PESize 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PVUUID Gqnw7N-HooX-S2Nz-1NIZ-YpOe-g0jo-grG1rQ
说明：可以看到添加的新物理卷sdb4，大小都符合我们添加时的设置
第八步、查看当前卷组情况
[root@linuxidc ~]# vgdisplay
---Volume group ---
VGName VolGroup
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VGAccess read/write
VGStatus resizable
MAXLV 0
CurLV 2
Open LV 2
MaxPV 0
CurPV 1
ActPV 1
VGSize 15.51 GiB
PESize 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3970
Alloc PE / Size 3970 / 15.51GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VGUUID PPrifh-glzl-nnxX-YkBm-xJ1s-rgnw-d1WsJd
第九步、将分区sdb4转换为扩展分区
[root@linuxidc ~]# vgextend VolGroup/dev/sdb4
Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended
第十步、查看当前的逻辑卷
[root@linuxidc ~]# lvdisplay
---Logical volume ---
LVPath /dev/VolGroup/lv_root
LVName lv_root
VGName VolGroup
LVUUID dCIsej-0NWX-bVFe-bT6L-c4eY-oy4G-9lNBOC
LVWrite Access read/write
LVCreation host,time,
Lvstatus available
#open 1
LVSize 7.75 GiB
Current LE 1985
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
-currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
---Logical volume ---
LVPath /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap
LVName lv_swap
VGName VolGroup
LVUUID K5bxJo-2SmM-6NCU-mBJP-Qzp1-ZODH-nbLK0k
LVWrite Access read/write
LVCreation host,
Lvstatus available
#open 1
LVSize 7.75 GiB
Current LE 1985
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
-currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
说明：这里可以看到“/”根分区的路径名称为：/dev/VolGroup/lv_root
第十一步、查看扩展后的卷组情况
[root@linuxidc ~]# vgdisplay
---Volume group ---
VGName VolGroup
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VGAccess read/write
VGStatus resizable
MAXLV 0
CurLV 2
Open LV 2
MaxPV 0
CurPV 2
ActPV 2
VGSize 31.50 GiB
PESize 4.00 MiB
Total PE 8064
Alloc PE / Size 3970 / 15.51GiB
Free PE / Size 4094 / 15.99 GiB
VGUUID PPrifh-glzl-nnxX-YkBm-xJ1s-rgnw-d1WsJd
说明：扩展后的卷子情况，可以看出大小增加了16GB（与第八步中的对比）
第十二步、将新增的逻辑卷全部扩展到“/”分区中
[root@linuxidc ~]# lvextend -L +15.99G/dev/VolGroup/lv_root
Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 15.99 GiB
Extending logical volume lv_root to 23.75 GiB
Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
说明：这里sdb4总共有16G，所以把16BG全部添加给根分区。
第十三步、查看“/”根分区格式，并重新刷新根分区的大小
[root@linuxidc ~]# e2fsck -f/dev/VolGroup/lv_root
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/VolGroup/lv_root is mounted.
e2fsck: 无法继续,中止.
[root@linuxidc ~]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup/lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/lv_root ismounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1,new_desc_blocks = 2
Performing an on-line resize of/dev/VolGroup/lv_root to 6224896 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/lv_root isNow 6224896 blocks long.
说明：命令resize2fs即刷新根分区“/dev/VolGroup/lv_root”的容量。
第十三步、查看刷新后根分区的大小
[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h
文件系统容量已用可用已用%% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
24G 7.1G 16G 32% /
tmpfs 3.9G 144K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 83G 350M 79G 1% /media/Lucene
说明：可以看到根分区的大小有7.7G变成了24G，重启一下系统再来看情况。此时就可以继续安装软件了，不会提示空间不足了。
CentOS 5 LVM 在线扩容根分区
说明：
Linux 2.6以上内核支持ext3的在线扩容
第一种情况：直接添加一个新硬盘
# df -h 看看现在硬盘的情况
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
6.7G 5.2G 1.3G 81% /
/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot
tmpfs 633M 0 633M 0% /dev/shm
# fdisk -l 可以看到新添加的硬盘/dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn''t contain a valid partition table
# lvm
lvm>vgdisplay 可以先看卷组是否还有剩余空间可以扩展，有的话直接扩展，没有或不够的话把新的硬盘添加进去
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 7.88 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 252
Alloc PE / Size 252 / 7.88 GB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 0U8dPB-UTJZ-Mdv5-eZJM-Xj7f-gR1M-63BcCh
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sdb 使用新的整个硬盘创建一个lvm物理卷
lvm>vgextend /dev/VolGroup00 /dev/sdb 把新的物理卷添加到卷组中
lvm>vgdisplay 可以看到已分配空间和剩余未分配空间 All PE / Size 和 Free PE / Size
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 15.84 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 507
Alloc PE / Size 252 / 7.88 GB
Free PE / Size 255 / 7.97 GB
VG UUID 0U8dPB-UTJZ-Mdv5-eZJM-Xj7f-gR1M-63BcCh
lvm>lvextend -L +7.9G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 扩展逻辑卷大小
lvm>vgdisplay
lvm>pvdisplay
lvm>lvdisplay 可以看到已经添加了
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID QtNkTM-TeSo-WnZD-fSUr-6k1F-5aLX-zAIfSQ
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 14.78 GB
Current LE 473
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID bhTEBX-t8XK-zGku-NCzx-eolz-Anvj-jUMUER
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GB
Current LE 32
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
lvm>quit
# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 修改文件系统大小以实现扩充空间
# df -h
第二种情况：只添加一个新分区
# df -h 可以看到新添加的硬盘/dev/sdb1
# lvm
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sdb1 使用新的硬盘创建一个lvm物理卷
lvm>vgextend /dev/VolGroup00 /dev/sdb1
lvm>vgdisplay 可以看到已分配空间和剩余未分配空间 All PE / Size 和 Free PE / Size
lvm>lvextend -L +5G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
lvm>vgdisplay
lvm>pvdisplay
lvm>lvdisplay
lvm>quit
# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 扩展
# df -h
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CentOS 5.X LVM 在线扩容根分区
说明：Linux 2.6以上内核支持ext3的在线扩容
第一种情况：直接添加一个新硬盘
# df -h 看看现在硬盘的情况
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
6.7G 5.2G 1.3G 81% /
/dev/sda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot
tmpfs 633M 0 633M 0% /dev/shm
# fdisk -l 可以看到新添加的硬盘/dev/sdb
disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB,8589934592 bytes
255 heads,63 sectors/track,1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM
disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB,8589934592 bytes
255 heads,1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
# lvm
lvm>vgdisplay 可以先看卷组是否还有剩余空间可以扩展，有的话直接扩展，没有或不够的话把新的硬盘添加进去
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 7.88 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 252
Alloc PE / Size 252 / 7.88 GB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 0U8dPB-UTJZ-Mdv5-eZJM-Xj7f-gR1M-63BcCh
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sdb 使用新的整个硬盘创建一个lvm物理卷
lvm>vgextend /dev/VolGroup00 /dev/sdb 把新的物理卷添加到卷组中
lvm>vgdisplay 可以看到已分配空间和剩余未分配空间 All PE / Size 和 Free PE / Size
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 15.84 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 507
Alloc PE / Size 252 / 7.88 GB
Free PE / Size 255 / 7.97 GB
VG UUID 0U8dPB-UTJZ-Mdv5-eZJM-Xj7f-gR1M-63BcCh
lvm>lvextend -L +7.9G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 扩展逻辑卷大小
lvm>vgdisplay
lvm>pvdisplay
lvm>lvdisplay 可以看到已经添加了
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID QtNkTM-TeSo-WnZD-fSUr-6k1F-5aLX-zaifSQ
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 14.78 GB
Current LE 473
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID bhTEBX-t8XK-zGku-NCzx-eolz-Anvj-jUMUER
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GB
Current LE 32
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
lvm>quit
# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 修改文件系统大小以实现扩充空间
# df -h
第二种情况：只添加一个新分区
# df -h 可以看到新添加的硬盘/dev/sdb1
# lvm
lvm>pvcreate /dev/sdb1 使用新的硬盘创建一个lvm物理卷
lvm>vgextend /dev/VolGroup00 /dev/sdb1
lvm>vgdisplay 可以看到已分配空间和剩余未分配空间 All PE / Size 和 Free PE / Size
lvm>lvextend -L +5G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
lvm>vgdisplay
lvm>pvdisplay
lvm>lvdisplay
lvm>quit
# resize2fs -p /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 扩展
# df -h
CentOS 7 根目录分区扩容
- 查看现有磁盘信息，可以看出根分区有 96G
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 96G 2.0G 94G 3% /
devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.0G 8.5M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 163M 852M 17% /boot
tmpfs 396M 0 396M 0% /run/user/0
- 查看新增加的磁盘信息
- fdisk
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.4 GB, 500363689984 bytes, 977272832 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009051f
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 209715199 103808000 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 102.1 GB, 102131302400 bytes, 199475200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes, 8126464 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- parted
[root@localhost ~]# parted -l
Model: QEMU QEMU HARDDISK (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary xfs boot
2 1075MB 107GB 106GB primary lvm
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 4161MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 4161MB 4161MB linux-swap(v1)
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 102GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 102GB 102GB xfs
- 根据以上信息，对新增加的磁盘进行分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition''s system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 500.4 GB, 500363689984 bytes, 977272832 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009051f
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 209715199 103808000 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):
First sector (209715200-977272831, default 209715200):
Using default value 209715200
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (209715200-977272831, default 977272831):
Using default value 977272831
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 366 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3):
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext''d (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition ''Linux'' to ''Linux LVM''
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 500.4 GB, 500363689984 bytes, 977272832 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009051f
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 209715199 103808000 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 209715200 977272831 383778816 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
重启系统后，登陆系统。（一定要重启系统，否则可能无法继续下面的操作扩充新分区）
同时在进行下一步之前，说明一下 pv、vg、lv 的关系。
一个硬盘 f 分区组成一个 pv（物理卷） 一个或者多个 pv 组成一个 vg（卷组） 一个 vg 可以划分出多个 lv（逻辑卷）
- 查看物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root centos -wi-ao---- <95.12g
swap centos -wi-ao---- <3.88g
- 创建物理卷
- 格式化分区（非必需，先格式化后面创建物理卷还是会擦除）
# 查看系统的文件类型
[root@localhost ~]# df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 99688900 2028996 97659904 3% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 2010736 0 2010736 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 2022628 0 2022628 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 2022628 8676 2013952 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 2022628 0 2022628 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1038336 166632 871704 17% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 404528 0 404528 0% /run/user/0
# 格式化为xfs
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda3
meta-data=/dev/sda3 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=23986176 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=95944704, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=46848, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
- 创建物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping xfs signature on /dev/sda3.
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
- 查看物理卷信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <99.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25343
Free PE 1
Allocated PE 25342
PV UUID 00mdqs-YJl2-Oq3k-OlGb-7mbi-iTtz-HJl7cw
"/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "366.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name
PV Size 366.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 6PYry3-VIRi-7DUc-5erS-yCEo-Laxu-ZkoYPo
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <99.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25343
Alloc PE / Size 25342 / 98.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID yde5y3-OOS3-UmyT-iHwv-zwJ5-yE63-9ZHI9O
- 将新增加的分区 /dev/sda3 加入到根目录分区中，也就是上面的 VG Name: centos
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda3
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
- 重新查看卷组信息
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 464.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 119038
Alloc PE / Size 25342 / 98.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 93696 / 366.00 GiB
VG UUID yde5y3-OOS3-UmyT-iHwv-zwJ5-yE63-9ZHI9O
- 进行卷扩容
- 扩容前
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 96G 2.0G 94G 3% /
devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.0G 8.5M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 163M 852M 17% /boot
tmpfs 396M 0 396M 0% /run/user/0
- 进行卷扩容
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos-root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <95.12 GiB (24350 extents) to <461.12 GiB (118046 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
- 调整卷分区大小
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=6233600 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=24934400, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=12175, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 24934400 to 120879104
- 最后，查看磁盘信息可以看出根目录分区大小已成功扩容。
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 462G 2.0G 460G 1% /
devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.0G 8.5M 2.0G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 163M 852M 17% /boot
tmpfs 396M 0 396M 0% /run/user/0
CentOS 7 系统根目录分区扩容
说明：系统版本为 Linux version 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
1. 查看现有磁盘信息，可以看出根分区有 45G
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root 45G 9.8G 35G 23% /
devtmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 5.9G 84K 5.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.9G 8.9M 5.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 142M 356M 29% /boot
tmpfs 1.2G 16K 1.2G 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 1.2G 0 1.2G 0% /run/user/02. 查看新增加的磁盘信息
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000e0945
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1026048 104857599 51915776 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root: 47.7 GB, 47747956736 bytes, 93257728 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-swap: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes3. 根据以上信息，对新增加的磁盘进行分区
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x232defba.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x232defba
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext''d (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition ''Linux'' to ''Linux LVM''
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x232defba
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.4. 创建物理卷
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created5. 查看物理卷信息
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos_mb-centos7
PV Size 49.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12674
Free PE 10
Allocated PE 12664
PV UUID 8WbgjB-T1Lf-kqUD-qPFw-UwJu-B9Lc-GAUTUB
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "100.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 100.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID HOknRs-TnMy-wtfX-sGqD-5RK9-dk9q-ze13fj[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos_mb-centos7
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 49.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12674
Alloc PE / Size 12664 / 49.47 GiB
Free PE / Size 10 / 40.00 MiB
VG UUID aN2D2P-Rk1y-wGFz-5l2I-5CcD-7s88-Z8czc76. 将新增加的分区 /dev/sdb1 加入到根目录分区 centos_mb-centos7 中
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# vgextend centos_mb-centos7 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "centos_mb-centos7" successfully extended7. 重新查看卷组信息
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos_mb-centos7
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 149.50 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 38273
Alloc PE / Size 12664 / 49.47 GiB
Free PE / Size 25609 / 100.04 GiB
VG UUID aN2D2P-Rk1y-wGFz-5l2I-5CcD-7s88-Z8czc79. 进行卷扩容
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root
Size of logical volume centos_mb-centos7/root changed from 44.47 GiB (11384 extents) to 144.50 GiB (36993 extents).
Logical volume root successfully resized.10. 调整卷分区大小
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=2914304 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=11657216, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=5692, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 11657216 to 37880832最后，查看磁盘信息可以看出根目录分区大小已成功扩容
[root@DEV-CMDB-DB02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos_mb--centos7-root 145G 9.8G 135G 7% /
devtmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 5.9G 84K 5.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.9G 8.9M 5.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 142M 356M 29% /boot
tmpfs 1.2G 16K 1.2G 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 1.2G 0 1.2G 0% /run/user/0
关于centos根分区扩容和centos扩展根分区的介绍现已完结，谢谢您的耐心阅读，如果想了解更多关于CentOS 5 LVM 在线扩容根分区、CentOS 5.X LVM 在线扩容根分区、CentOS 7 根目录分区扩容、CentOS 7 系统根目录分区扩容的相关知识，请在本站寻找。
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